Water Trails are liquid highways to adventure! All kinds of adventures - from solitude and wildlife viewing, to multi-day wilderness camping trips, to whitewater exhilaration - are experiences that can be had on Iowa water trails. They improve local knowledge of rivers and quality of life.

Low-head dams, essentially concrete walls across rivers, sometimes exist for good reasons. They may back up water for water supplies or create a pool for rowing or power boating.

Side-effects of low-head dams include:

 

Other types of dams made of rock can be just as durable. They are usually inherently safer. Fish can move upstream. They appear more natural. Essentially, a ramp rock serves the same function as a natural river. Depending on the availability of rock locally, they can be more expensive than low-head dams.

 

A kind of dam called a "step dam" eliminates the re-circulating currents below the dam, but only allows better fish passage if coupled with a lower-angle side channel, or fish ladder, which can double as a "boat chute" for adventurous canoeists and kayakers. This type of dam is a possible safety improvement where flooding concerns are highest.

 

Alternatively  good portage trail can reduce the temptation people sometimes have to "shoot" low-head dams.

Whitewater means Economic Development. Families can take exhilarating raft rides, and professional kayakers can converge for slalom and freestyle competitions. The whole atmosphere changes. Downtown living, and retail, become more attractive. Quality of life is enhanced for the surrounding area.